Indonesia, the world’s largest archipelagic state, stretches across more than 17,000 inhabited and uninhabited islands that hold hundreds of distinct ethnic communities, each with their own unique cultural traditions, artistic practices, and evolving relationships to global popular media. This vast, diverse nation has long cultivated a dynamic music ecosystem that weaves centuries-old indigenous musical forms, passed down through generations of families and community leaders, with contemporary global influences that have shaped the country’s creative landscape for more than a century. From the early adoption of American jazz and blues in mid-20th century urban centers to the current widespread embrace of global pop, cross-cultural sounds from across Asia, and Latin music that dominate many of the country’s most popular streaming and broadcast spaces, Indonesia’s audience for international music remains one of the most engaged in the world.